{"id":37659,"date":"2026-07-13T11:33:49","date_gmt":"2026-07-13T08:03:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iup.ac.ir\/ar\/?p=37659"},"modified":"2026-07-13T11:33:49","modified_gmt":"2026-07-13T08:03:49","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b9%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%af-%d9%86%d8%af%d9%88%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iup.ac.ir\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b9%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%af-%d9%86%d8%af%d9%88%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ae\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 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\u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 <strong>\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00bb<\/strong>. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 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\u0648\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u062f. \u0646\u063a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0642\u0639\u064a<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0647\u0627: \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u062f. \u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0634 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629: \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u062f. \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u062c\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a - \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iup.ac.ir\/ar\/\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f-\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628-\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 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content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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